After 25 years in Canada, Tom Paterson, who heads Fednav’s Arctic shipping projects, knows full well the ups and downs of shipping in the Arctic as major mining projects open and close. 

But he says “the trend is generally upwards".

About two decades ago, Paterson says bulkers were hauling about 1.3 million tonnes of base metals out of mines in the Canadian Arctic, chiefly zinc from the Polaris and Nanisivik mines, and zinc and lead from the Red Dog facility in Alaska.