The German container line said tariffs came under “high pressure” in 2014 due to this cascading effect, whereby the new 14,000-teu to 18,000-teu megaships pushed medium-sized units off Asian routes.

It added: “The cascading into the North-South trades above all severely impacted the South America routes, causing an increase in tonnage capacity that could not be offset by the weak growth rates in carryings.

“Given