The Japan Ship Owners' Mutual Protection & Indemnity Association has been hit by a decline in tonnage for the second year running.

Oceangoing ships fell by 1.4 million gross tons (gt) to 88.2 million gt, while coastal vessels are down 0.1 million gt to 2.5 million gt. The previous year, there was a loss of 0.9 million gt of blue water tonnage.