The permutations of individual features of the claims and multiple jurisdictions, however, made it difficult for Nordisk Skibsrederforening to give general advice
But the freight, demurrage and defence (FD&D) club’s point of departure has been that as there was no contract between the physical bunker supplier and the shipowner, so the supplier had no right to be paid directly.
The basic recommendation to members was to sit on the money in dispute while awaiting clarification about who was legally entitled to be paid.
