Old-fashioned economic forecasting may be giving an over-optimistic view of future shipping demand, according to a report from Danish Ship Finance (DSF).

In its regular shipping update, the Copenhagen-based financier says a dynamic change in the global economy is being brought about by the much-discussed “fourth industrial revolution” based on digitalisation and cyber physical systems.

Changing demographics and wealth distribution, combined with improved logistics, shifting production patterns and demand for more efficient use of energy could all add up to a huge reduction in demand for shipping.

“Some