A number of alternative fuels are being touted as the best way forward for low-emission ships, but Tristan Smith believes you don’t have to specify the fuel, just the goal.

“The IMO loves to talk about goal-based policy, and all you need to say is the goal is ‘this carbon intensity of fuel’ — just as they said it was ‘this sulphur content, but you can use a scrubber or very low-sulphur fuel oil’,” the decarbonisation expert says.