TFG Marine, the joint venture between Trafigura and John Fredriksen, has called for the mandatory use of mass flow meters in bunkering operations in Rotterdam and Antwerp.

The bunkering industry provides more than 200m tonnes of marine fuel annually and the market is expected to be worth $165bn by 2030.

However, a study assessing bunker deliveries at Rotterdam and Fujairah, the world’s second and third-largest bunkering ports, found that reported very low sulphur fuel oil bunker volumes at these two locations resulted in $250m in operating losses for suppliers in 2021.