Opening the conference, Germany's maritime affairs coordinator Uwe Beckmeyer said the government is aiming to supply 80% of its energy from renewables by 2050, up from 25% today.

This and other offshore power projects in Europe give great scope for the shipping industry, according to DNV GL's maritime president Knut Orbeck-Nilssen.

And Africa will also become a very important consumer of energy, with its population expected to reach 4bn people later this century, from 1bn today, outstripping Asia's 3bn.

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