Senior freight trader bonuses are hugely outstripping payouts for "traditional" chartering staff, according to recruitment specialist Spinnaker Global.

It said the highest-level staff earned bonuses 18 times bigger than colleagues, using figures from the Maritime HR Association, which is managed by Spinnaker.

The annual survey for 2018 gathered data for 25,000 shipping professionals globally, including more than 1,000 charterers in 31 countries.