Significant efforts have been made over the past decade to tackle bribery and corruption that is endemic in the maritime industry, but problems persist and the pressure put on crews is taking a rising toll.

Extortion and theft continue at high levels in many ports. It puts seafarers in a difficult position where they may want and need to comply with companies’ stricter anti-corruption rules and countries’ more stringent legislation, but face the reality of having to comply with demands if their ships are to sail.