South Korean liner operator HMM has embarked on a massive expansion of capacity as it takes delivery of a series of the world's largest containerships.

The move comes amid a downturn in demand that has resulted in about one-third of the carrier's container fleet being idled.

So, is HMM's ill-timed growth strategy a result of bad luck or bad planning?

The first of the 24,000-teu giants — the HMM Algeciras (built 2020) — arrived in Europe this month, having completed its maiden voyage from China.